沉湖湿地越冬季出现51种重点保护鸟类，新增鸟类4种
<p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">日前，沉湖国际重要湿地发布2021-2022年度越冬季鸟类专项监测总结，2021年9月28日至2022年3月28日期间，沉湖湿地自然保护区管理局组织开展2021-2022年度越冬季鸟类专项调查工作，围绕鸭垸湖、北垸泵站、张家大湖、罗汉、丁字堤、七壕保护站、王家涉湖等监测点位，完成沉湖湿地野外鸟类监测调查共17次，调查共记录我国相关重点保护鸟类51种，且鸟类分布数量及种类最多的均为王家涉湖监测点。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;">本越冬季鸟类专项调查，共记录到鸟类16目41科127种。其中作为越冬候鸟主力军的雁鸭类有22种、鸻鹬类有22种。<br/></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">通过本项调查记录到的新增鸟类共有4种：灰背隼、理氏鹨、黄眉鹀、红颈苇鹀。截至目前，《沉湖湿地自然保护区鸟类物种名录》共记录有20目55科277种鸟类。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">本项调查记录到的127种鸟类中，有53种冬候鸟，占比60.92%；34种留鸟，占比39.08%；25种旅鸟，占比28.74%；13种夏候鸟，占比14.94%；2种迷鸟（大红鹳、白颊黑雁），占比2.30%。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">随着沉湖湿地生态环境的向好发展，鸟类调查工作中记录到珍稀濒危物种的种类、数量较往年而言也有所提升。调查共记录我国相关重点保护鸟类51种，种类占比40.16%。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">调查记录有国家一级重点保护鸟类6种，为卷羽鹈鹕、东方白鹳、黑鹳、白鹤、乌雕、黄胸鹀。此外，2021-2022越冬季在沉湖湿地现身的还有青头潜鸭、中华秋沙鸭、白头鹤、白枕鹤等，总计10种国家一级重点保护鸟类。另外调查还记录有国家二级重点保护鸟类22种，湖北省重点保护鸟类23种。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="text-align: center; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(191, 191, 191);">灰背隼。 </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">在调查中，记录世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录（IUCN红色名录）生物多样性状况评价为无危以上的物种有14种，占比11.02%。其中含极危2种，濒危1种，易危4种，近危7种。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">从调查时间看，沉湖湿地的鸟类数量在越冬季往往呈先上升后下降趋势，峰值常出现在1月中旬。本年度越冬季专项调查结果显示，沉湖湿地鸟类数量在1月11日最高数量达86642只，其中水鸟39种86103只，林鸟18种539只，水鸟占比99.38%。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: center; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(191, 191, 191);">黄眉鹀。 </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">不同时间的鸟类监测数量，单次调查监测到的鸟类种数基本持平，部分数据受调查当天气候影响呈特殊波动。不同时间的鸟类监测种数，基于沉湖湿地湖泊面积占比大、地域开阔少林地的特征，沉湖湿地分布鸟类的种类、数量构成均以水鸟为主，越冬季整体水鸟数量占比不低于92%。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">从调查地点看，根据本年度越冬季调查数据，7个固定监测点（鸭垸湖、北垸泵站、张家大湖、罗汉、丁字堤、七壕站、王家涉湖）中鸟类分布数量及种类最多的均为王家涉湖监测点。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br/></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"></span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(67, 74, 84); font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Arial, Microsoft YaHei; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: 100%; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); 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