长江访谈 | 钮新强院士：三峡水运新通道工程让黄金水道更畅通 让长江经济带更强劲
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Segoe UI, Arial, Roboto, PingFang SC, miui, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft Yahei, sans-serif; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">今天正式开工的三峡水运新通道工程，是我国“十五五”时期开工建设的首个国家重大标志性工程。它的建设，究竟要解决什么问题？又将在国家发展棋局中扮演什么角色？来看本台记者对中国工程院院士、长江设计集团首席科学家钮新强的专访。<br style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Segoe UI, Arial, Roboto, PingFang SC, miui, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft Yahei, sans-serif; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">为什么还要再挖一条新通道？钮新强院士用一组数据给出了最直接的答案：三峡船闸2003年投运，到2011年，通过量就突破了1亿吨，提前19年达到了设计通过能力。2025 年，三峡枢纽过坝综合运量达1.73 亿吨，远超设计通过能力。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Segoe UI, Arial, Roboto, PingFang SC, miui, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft Yahei, sans-serif; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-weight: bold;">中国工程院院士、长江设计集团首席科学家 钮新强</strong><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">：</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">三峡投运后，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">它的发展趋势和实际产生的效益，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">远远大于原来规划，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">原来规划的通航规模大大提前了，从</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">2013年开始，开展前期研究。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Segoe UI, Arial, Roboto, PingFang SC, miui, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft Yahei, sans-serif; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">三峡水运新通道工程主要包含两大部分：三峡枢纽新通道和葛洲坝航运扩能改造。钮新强院士表示，之所以要把两个枢纽一起改扩建，是由长江现有的航运特性决定的。三峡和葛洲坝相距只有38公里，任何一处的通航能力跟不上，都会影响整个长江航道的通畅。两个枢纽统一扩建后，可以实现联合调度，让过闸效率最大化。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Segoe UI, Arial, Roboto, PingFang SC, miui, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft Yahei, sans-serif; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-weight: bold;">中国工程院院士、长江设计集团首席科学家 钮新强</strong><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">：</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">葛洲坝是作为三峡航运反调节功能，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">所以葛洲坝这块也要扩建，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">两个要联合，进行有效的组合，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">使它的过闸效率最高，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">我们在规划里有一个测算，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">新通道（运行）以后对三峡的发电量影响，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">每年大概要减少6亿度左右。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Segoe UI, Arial, Roboto, PingFang SC, miui, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft Yahei, sans-serif; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">减少少量发电，换来的是航运能力的跨越式提升。作为我国“十五五”时期开工建设的首个国家重大标志性工程，新通道向上连接川渝，向下贯通江汉平原和长三角出海口，将打通一条中西部腹地直通大海的低成本水运大动脉。川渝滇黔的大宗货物出海，物流成本将大幅降低。钮新强院士认为，这项工程对夯实长江经济带内外贸产业底盘，为构建国内国际双循环、中西部内陆对外开放提供硬核水运支撑，在我国内河航运建设史上留下里程碑印记。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Segoe UI, Arial, Roboto, PingFang SC, miui, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft Yahei, sans-serif; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-weight: bold;">中国工程院院士、长江设计集团首席科学家 钮新强</strong><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">：</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">水运是“十五五”发展的一个重点，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">它的功能是非常巨大的，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">三峡水运新通道工程建成以后，让</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">铁路公路跟水运有效地衔接，形成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; text-indent: 2em;">一个真正的、高效的、科学的交通网络体系同步在推进。</span></p><p><br/></p><section style="overflow-wrap: break-word; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(67, 74, 84); font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Arial, Microsoft YaHei; font-size: 14px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="overflow-wrap: break-word; max-width: 100%; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="overflow-wrap: break-word; max-width: 100%; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;"><span leaf="" style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"/></span></section></section></section><p style="overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 0px; 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