央行多措并举稳资金 六月流动性有望保持宽松
<p></p><p><br/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">为保持银行体系流动性充裕,中国人民银行日前发布公告称,5月央行以固定数量、利率招标、多重价位中标方式开展了7000亿元买断式逆回购操作,分别为3个月(91天)4000亿元、6个月(182天)3000亿元。鉴于5月有9000亿元的3个月期买断式逆回购到期,当月买断式逆回购合计净回笼2000亿元。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 尽管买断式逆回购延续上月净回笼态势,但专家表示,这并不意味央行收紧市场流动性,而是对冲到期压力,避免流动性过度投放。当前,央行基础货币投放渠道已较为丰富,中期借贷便利(MLF)、买断式逆回购操作以及各类结构性工具均可以投放中期流动性。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 近期,央行接连出手,强化逆周期调节,呵护资金流动性。5月15日,2025年首次降准落地,向金融市场注入约1万亿元流动性;5月23日,人民银行开展5000亿元中期借贷便利(MLF)操作,为加量续做。“这是人民银行连续第三个月加量续做到期MLF,也是连续第二个月大额加量续做。”东方金诚首席宏观分析师王青说。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 在中信证券首席经济学家明明看来,5月的MLF操作配合降准,已实现大幅流动性供给,5月买断式逆回购再度缩量续作,能够满足商业银行对央行融资工具需求的结构性调整。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 根据央行公告,2024年10月至2025年5月期间,央行共开展8次买断式逆回购操作,规模分别为5000亿元、8000亿元、14000亿元、17000亿元、14000亿元、8000亿元、12000亿元、7000亿元。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 此外,央行还宣布,5月未开展公开市场国债买卖操作。部分市场机构认为,央行或在三季度重启公开市场国债买入操作,更好发挥国债收益率定价基准作用。自1月央行宣布阶段性暂停公开市场买入国债以来,央行已连续5个月未开展国债买卖操作。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 央行在日前发布的一季度货币政策执行报告中指出,将继续从宏观审慎的角度观察、评估债市运行情况,关注国债收益率的变化,视市场供求状况择机恢复操作。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 财通证券研究所业务所长孙彬彬认为,恢复国债买卖,从而提高央行对政府债的持有比例,具有紧迫性。为实现加快建设金融强国的目标,需要建立主权信用模式的货币发行方式,国债终将成为央行投放基础货币的主要渠道。他预计,央行有望在7月或8月恢复国债买入,届时政府债净融资仍处高峰。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 展望未来,业内人士认为,6月流动性整体无虞。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Microsoft YaHei, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 明明说,在综合考虑地方债发行计划、历史国债发行规律,以及财政收支的背景下,完全排除MLF以及逆回购到期的因素,6月基本不存在流动性缺口。但他同时表示,考虑到财政支出通常在月末,月内资金面仍有波动的可能。此外,存款降息可能进一步加剧“存款搬家”,目前银行融出规模尚未观察到明显的冲击,但后续仍需跟踪存单是否持续提价发行,以及央行对于流动性的支持方式与力度。</p><p> </p><section style="overflow-wrap: break-word; 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