沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道
<p><br/></p><article class="syl-page-article syl-device-pc tt-article-content font_m" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, WenQuanYi Micro Hei, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="https://p6-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG8cxHvy3W6x?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="426" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">（鸟群飞舞在沉湖上空 <span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, WenQuanYi Micro Hei, Helvetica Neue, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">）</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">铅色的云将湖面映成灰色,平静的湖水没有一丝波纹,仿若一面镜子。成群的候鸟聚集于此，或盘旋于天空上、或栖息于绿草里、或畅游在湖水中，逍遥自在好不快活。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">这里是蔡甸沉湖湿地自然保护区，这里不仅是候鸟迁徙的“驿站”，更是候鸟越冬的天堂。1月5日，楚天都市报记者来到沉湖湿地探访，在实施“退养还湖”一年后，10万只如期而至的冬候鸟再现“遮天蔽日”的盛景。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG8dXMG899E?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="460" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(灰雁和豆雁)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">17.4万亩沉湖迎来更多“客人”</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">一群灰雁扑腾着翅膀掠过水面，飞向空中，在它们身后，成群结队的鸟儿展翅翱翔、鹅嘶雁叫，一时间万鸟蔽空，满眼都是候鸟身影。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">“去年整个迁徙和越冬季节来沉湖湿地的候鸟大概有9万只左右，今年增加到了10万只以上。”沉湖湿地自然保护区管理局局长方瑛介绍道。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">候鸟的增加，与湿地实施“退养还湖”密不可分。</p><img src="https://p3-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG8e6BCUYvqt?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="466" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(豆雁)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">沉湖湿地自然保护区位于蔡甸区西南部，处于长江、汉水交汇的三角洲地带，总面积17.4万亩。2013年10月，沉湖湿地被列入国际重要湿地名录。为修复湿地生态系统、保护生态多样性、恢复自然湿地，2017年起，沉湖湿地开始全面禁止围网养殖，将保护区内的“三网（围网、拦网、网箱）”全部拆除；2019年蔡甸区加快推进沉湖湿地“退养还湖”工作，全面取缔保护区核心区和缓冲区内历史遗留的生产经营活动，废止承包合同、拆除生产生活设施、挖开堤埂豁口，湿地生态得到有效恢复，为越冬的候鸟提供了良好的栖息地和充足的食源。</p><img src="https://p3-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG8ec50VNiGI?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="457" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">苍鹭、绿头鸭和赤麻鸭资源的增多，也引来了“凤凰”。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">入冬以来，沉湖湿地管理局和鸟友们观察发现，湖区鸟类数量每天都在增加。上月，湖北省疫源疫病监测中心和沉湖湿地局对小天鹅、豆雁、灰雁、斑嘴鸭、绿头鸭、绿翅鸭等6种水鸟调查显示，仅这6种水鸟的数量就超过3万只。</p><img src="https://p3-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG8fK9kjPR2P?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="426" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(冯江观察远处的鸟类)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">“有吃、有喝、安全是鸟类在迁徙过程中选择一个地区补给和休息的基础条件，这些条件不具备，它们是不会来的。”沉湖湿地自然保护区管理局工程师冯江认为，多样的生境、丰富的食物、良好的生态，是吸引鸟儿来到这里的重要原因。“水里的鱼虾，滩涂里的底栖动物，草地上的植物茎叶、种子，周边农田里的农作物都是候鸟的食物。”他笑道：“这些候鸟的食谱丰富着呢。”</p><img src="https://p6-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG9O77gCplky?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="467" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(小天鹅、白鹤和灰鹤)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">珍稀候鸟用翅膀为生态环境“点赞”</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">“看，那是国家一级保护动物白鹤！”刚走上湖堤，湖北省野生动物保护协会常务理事、资深观鸟人和生态摄影师魏斌兴奋地手指远处湖中的小岛。”魏斌已连续三个月跟踪记录沉湖湿地的候鸟。他告诉记者，往年白鹤在整个武汉境内都很难见到，今年却已在沉湖湿地观察到了9只。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">“湿地保护得好不好，主要看两方面：一是野生水鸟种类多不多，二是珍稀濒危鸟类多不多。”魏斌说。</p><img src="https://p6-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG9OqGijMKJi?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="421" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(斑嘴鸭和灰鹤)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">他介绍，不仅是白鹤，今年还有白尾海雕、东方白鹳、黑鹳、乌雕等国家一、二级保护的珍稀濒危鸟类“光临”沉湖湿地。其中被列入IUCN(世界自然保护联盟)濒危物种红色名录的白尾海雕曾在武汉鸟类历史上留下过“传闻”，这次现身，终于将这种大型猛禽亲临武汉“坐实”。</p><img src="https://p3-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG9PPDmyInyb?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="439" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(大白鹭)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">生态好不好，自然是鸟儿说了算。越来越多珍稀候鸟选择在沉湖湿地“安家落户”，恰是其生态持续向好的证明。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">本月，沉湖湿地局将和武汉市观鸟会一起在沉湖湿地开展越冬水鸟同步调查，去年元月的水鸟同步调查共记录到水鸟42种数量超过6万只，种类和数量均位居全省前列，今年水鸟种类和数量有望再创新高。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG9PyECJDnAz?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="426" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(栖息在滩涂上的候鸟们)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">方瑛介绍，接下来，沉湖湿地将继续加强退养区域的生态管护工作，同时，根据专家意见，开展湿地修复工作，进一步恢复沉湖湿地生态系统，迎接今年在武汉举办国际湿地公约缔约方大会。“这是一项繁复的工作，只要绵绵用力、久久为功，必将更好地提升候鸟的生态环境。”</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/SLPG9QT4ZJcTDY?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="481" alt="沉湖的好，10万只候鸟知道" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(鸬鹚、赤麻鸭和大白鹭)</span></p></article><p><br/></p><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(67, 74, 84); font-weight: 700; white-space: normal; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: 100%; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); line-height: 0;"><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word !important; 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