警惕奥密克戎通过气溶胶方式传播！公卫专家详解如何预防
<section style="font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 2; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">当前，我市疫情呈现多区多点、散发与聚集交织、持续上升的严峻形势，隐匿传播、交叉感染和社区扩散的风险持续存在。27日，公卫专家提醒市民，警惕奥密克戎病毒在相对封闭的环境中经过气溶胶传播，居家预防尤为重要。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">气溶胶传播“偏爱”潮湿密闭空间</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">今年以来，多地流调通报显示，在密闭空间出现因气溶胶传播导致的聚集性感染。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">3月，某地一栋33层建筑暴发聚集性疫情，共有62.9%的确诊病例居住在18个不同楼层（房间）的垂直建筑中。根据流行病学调查，这些病例并非密切接触者，推测发生了气溶胶的跨楼层垂直传播。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">本月初，另一地举办的疫情防控新闻发布会上，疾控专家也提及气溶胶传播：当地不少新增感染者集中在城中村片区，人口密集、空间狭窄，当有感染者存在的时候，排出的病毒极易在区域内形成难以在短时间内消散的气溶胶。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">近日，据我市流调数据分析结果显示，某小区同楼栋的新增12例感染者，经基因测序和流调显示，感染者均居住于该楼栋某阳性病例的楼上同户型房间，属同一传播链，按照发病的时间来看，底层居民先转阳，楼上住户后感染，因此推测有可能是通过卫生间的通风管道、厨房烟道等途径造成气溶胶传播导致的感染。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">“气溶胶传播更容易在潮湿、密闭、拥挤的空间快速传播并能快速导致大量人群感染。”专家表示。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">气溶胶是这样传播病毒的</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">气溶胶传播为何可以楼上、楼下相互传播？</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">专家介绍，气溶胶的本质，是能够悬浮在空中的微粒。跟一般的空气传播相比，气溶胶能悬浮得更久、飘得更远。当新冠病毒附着在尘埃、飞沫，或是失去水分的飞沫核上，就能以气溶胶的形式进行空气传播。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在不通风的环境中，包含病毒的气溶胶能在空气中停留更长时间。比如，感染者乘坐电梯后，电梯中可能会出现包含病毒的气溶胶，而电梯内空气流通较差，随后乘坐电梯的人，传染风险就会增加。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">但需要强调的是，气溶胶传播也有前提，民众不必因此恐慌。飞沫能传播的距离很短，不会在空气中长期漂浮，只有当空气流通不畅时，才可能形成难以在短时间内消散的气溶胶。应对气溶胶传播，民众需提高警惕，但不必恐慌。 </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">家庭这样预防气溶胶传播</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">气溶胶室内传播风险大于室外，家庭聚集型疫情室内传播比例更大，因此要重点做好居家预防。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">首先，勤开窗通风。每天定期开窗3次以上，尽量打开居室里相对的窗户、形成对流，时长控制在30分钟左右，尽可能将室内空气彻底更换一遍，有效消除气溶胶在密闭空间内的传播。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">其次，做好下水道防护。下水道回水弯中的存水能封住管道，有效防止气溶胶进入。市民可排查家中坐便器、淋浴排水地漏的水封状况，及时补水，防止气溶胶经管道扩散。如果地漏没有水封条件，也可在使用后盖上盖子，或是用胶带进行封堵。如果这些条件都不具备，也可用保鲜袋灌水后扎紧，放在地漏上作为封堵盖。 </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">再次，使用卫生间也需做好防护细节。使用坐便器后，应盖上马桶盖再冲水，避免气溶胶飞溅至马桶外。卫生间内应加强开窗通风，保持空气流动。如过卫生间通风条件不良，建议开启排气设备，进行通风换气。 </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">此外，近期也可增加室内清扫频率，减少室内尘埃，帮助净化空气。 </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">“无论何时，都要严格按照防控要求做好个人防护，包括在上下楼的电梯里。”专家还特别强调，市民外出时坚持正确佩戴口罩，勤洗手，与人保持一米以上安全距离。打喷嚏或咳嗽时，用纸巾或肘部掩住口鼻。目前研究表明，在重力的作用下，大多数飞沫约在0.8米-1米距离内落到地面。因此，戴好口罩、保持距离能实现双重预防效果。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; 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